Figure 3: Unstained (right) versus stained cells (left) image ©įlemming used these dyes to study cells. The effect was that different parts of a cell would absorb more dye, in effect "highlighting" them, as in Figure 3, to reveal structures and processes that were invisible before. He found aniline dyes particularly useful because different types of tissues absorbed the dyes at varying intensities depending on their chemistry. Microscopes in the 1870s were not equipped with electric light sources as they are today, so dying the specimens allowed him to see them in greater detail. The use of microscopes to study biological tissues was an emerging technology in Flemming's day, and he was highly regarded as an innovator in the field.Īs a professor at Kiel, Flemming experimented with a technique for using dyes to color the specimens he wanted to examine under a microscope. Walther Flemming (Figure 2), a 19 th century professor at the Institute for Anatomy in Kiel, Germany, was the first to document the details of cellular division.
Figure 1: Most plant and animal cells replicate by splitting into two identical daughter cells. The cascade continued until several weeks later, millions of cells were dividing – powering the exponential pattern of growth that eventually formed all of the organs and tissues of your body. Four cells became eight then eight became 16 individual cells with identical DNA. It started when a single cell cleaved into two parts, then quickly reorganized and split again into four new cells (Figure 1). That’s right, the hundreds of millions of cells that make up the bone and flesh of your body are products of thousands of generations of cell division that began when you were smaller than the period at the end of this sentence. It’s hard to imagine, but the cells present in a tiny embryo ultimately generate all of the cells that make up the body of an adult human being.
Factors that Control Earth's Temperature.Plates, Plate Boundaries, and Driving Forces.Solutions, Solubility, and Colligative Properties.Y-Chromsome and Mitochondrial DNA Haplotypes.Absorption, Distribution, and Storage of Chemicals.
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